Pump-governor.



Patented Dec. 25, I900.

(No Model.)

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

RUDOLPH CONRADER, OF ERIE, PENNSYLVANIA.

PUM P-GOVERNOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part Letters Patent N 0. 664,468, dated December25, 1900. Application filed January 31, 1900. Serial No- 3,473. (Nomodel.)

in the county of Erie and State of Pennsyl- Vania, have invented certainnew and useful Improvements in Pump-Governors; and I do hereby declarethe following to be a full, clear, and exact description of theinvention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which itappertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to governors for pumping-engines; and it consistsin certain improvements in the construction thereof, as will behereinafter fully described, and pointed out in the claims.

The object of the invention is to provide a pumping-engine with agovernor which will increase or decrease the speed of the engine inaccordance with its requirements and at the same time have the engine atall times under thecontrol of the governor, so that if there is atendency for the engine to stop the governor will be immediately sooperated upon as to give the engine its full power, re-

gardless of what the pressure against the en-.

gine may be.

In carrying out my invention I have a movable part which is controlledby the pressure of the accumulated fluid through the action of the pumpand provide a centrifugal governor, the centripetal element of which ispreferably a spring, and I secure the spring to the movable partcontrolled by the pressure of the accumulated fluid, so as to reduce thecentripetal action as the pressure of the accumulated fluid increases,or, in other words, as the requirements of the engine decreases. By thismeans a slower speed of the engine will effect the same position of thegovernor-weights by reason of the decrease in the centripetal force andwill regulate the supply to the engine accordingly. Heretoforeingovernors of this class, especially those operating asthrottling-governors, there have been attempts made to provide for sochanging the speed of the engine as to make it conform to therequirements of the engine; but in all of these, so far as I have beenaware, the auxiliary device actuated by the pressure of accumulatedfluid throws the centripetal part of the governorout of action when theengine is brought to its minimum speed. The

principal objection to this style of governor jas heretofore made isthat when the engine is brought to this minimum speed and the boiler-:pressurefalls below certain limits the speed of the engine is sodecreased that there is not snflicient momentum of thefly-wheel,together with the active pressure of the steam in thecylinder, to carry the engine through the stroke, so that it oftenhappensthat the engine stopsunder these conditions. With my device whenthe engine is running at its minimum speed and there is any tendency tostop or get below this minimum speed the centripetal part of thegovernor is immediately acted upon, thus giving to the engineasufficient power at the diminished boiler-pres sure to carry it througheach stroke, so that the difficuly heretofore experienced is obviated.It may be adjusted, however, so that when used with double engines itwill entirely stop the engine when the desired pressure offluid isreached.

I have illustrated a type of governor embodying my invention in thefollowing drawings, as follows:

Figure 1 shows a plan view of the governor. Fig, 2 shows a section onthe line 2 2 in Figs. 1 and 3. Fig. 3 shows a side elevation from theright of Fig. 2. Fig.4 shows a detail of the pressure-regulatingmechanism.

A marks the valve-chamber having the usual throttling-valves B therein.Secured to the valve-chamber is the governor-frame A, which in generalarrangement is similar to the throttling-valve frame. Throttlingvalvestem C extends out. of the chamber A to a nut c. A carrier G, having thesleevebearing G, is journaled in the bearing a, in the frame A. It isprovided at its lower end with the beveled gear g, which meshes thebeveled gear h, as in the usual construction. Keyed to the beveled gearh is the shaft H, and this shaft is journaled in the bearing a,extending in the frame A. A drive-pulley G is keyed to the shaft H. Abelt (not shown) runs from this pulley to a driven portion of theengine. Pivoted to the carrier G are the weights F, with the centers ofgravity of the weights above the pivots. The links E E are secured tothe weights and to across- IOO the stem C. The stem C extends through 6othe position shown in the drawings.

.of considerably greater strength thanthe- 'springJ ate in thiscylinder.

the carrier G and is attached to or rests upon the nut '0. So far asdescribed this is practically a throttling-governor, such as is shownand claimed in my Patent No. 559,440, of November 14, 1899.

lever I. The lever I has the throat 7; at its end which engages the nutc in the usual manner. It willbe noted that if an upward pressure isgiven to the throat '5 through the lever Iit will operate upon the linksE to draw the weights G together, or, in other words, will form thecentripetal element of the governor. In carrying out my invention Isubject the lever I at the opposite end from the throatz' to aspring-pressure andvary this spring-pressure as the pressure of thefluid accumulated by the pump is varied. I have shown a preferable wayof constructing this part of my invention, as follows: A pin J extendsthrough an opening 1) inthe end of the leverl and is provided with theshoulder-j just above the opening, so as to allow the pin J to rest onthe lever I. The pin J extends through a nut is, which is carried by theyoke 'K. This nut can be adjusted in the yoke K and is locked inposition by the jam-nutk.

Arranged iutermediately on the pin J is the sliding block j. Springs Jand J are arranged around the pin J,,the spring J being The spring Jisarranged between the sliding block j and the shoulderj.

in guides a extending from the frame A. Immediately below the yoke K isa cylinder bracket L.

sures below the port e. Extendingfrom each side of the yoke K are theprojections 10*, and

extending on each side of the cylinder L are,

the projections e. Springs P are arranged lrbetween these projectionsand tend to draw the yoke K to its lowest position. In order to do this,of course, the springs must be as strong as the spring J.

The operation of the device so far asdescribed is as follows: As theengine is started,

there being no accumulated pressure of the fluid actuated by the pump,the springs P hold the yoke K to its lowest position or in The governoris then subjected to the centripetal action of the spring J, and theweaker spring J is contracted to its fullest extent, so that the slidingblock j is brought into contact with the nut It. This centripetal actionbe-,

ing strong of course tends to hold the gov- Extending from the frame Ais a inga in which is pivoted a The spring J is placed between the blockj and the nut 70. The yoke K is arranged to slide ernor-weights in theirinner position even at a relatively high speed, so that the enginestarts olf at its maximum speed. As the fluid is accumulated by theengine the pressure gradually increases until it is as great asrequired. Of course if the fluid is drawn off as fast as it isaccumulated by the pump the pump will continue atits maximum speed; butif the fluid is accumulated faster than it is required the pressureincreases beyond that desired. The spring 0 is so tensioned as to resista'press'ure up to the maximum desired pressure; but when the pressurebecomes greater than'the maximum desired pressure the tension-springO'is overcome, and the valve 0 is moved by the porte, (the opening 'nbeing in connection with, the supply of accumulated fluid.) The fluidunder pressure then passes through the port 6 under the piston. M, andas the piston M has suificient area to readily overcome the springs PthepistonM is immediately'moved. to the upper end of the cylinder L.This carries the yoke K-with it and moves the n ut is upon the pin J asuificient distance to completely ,efiect the same position of thegovernorweights as the higher, speed did when the governor was subjectedto a centripetal action of the heavier spring J. The speed of the engineis therefore reduced to that giving it the proper amount of steam tokeep it in motion at the desired minimum speed. If the speed of theengine falls below this desired minimum speed, it immediately operatesupon the governor bydecreasing the centrifugal force operating upon theweights G to such an extent that the centripetal action of the lightspring J will draw them together. This'immediately opens the valve Eandgives to the engine a sufficiently'large amount of steam to keep theengine at the desired minimum. speed. By this means all danger of totalstoppage of the single engine iseliminated, because the engine is givena sufficient speed even at the minimum to carry the engine through itsstroke, even as against the highest'pressure to which fluid is to beaccumulated by the engine. Where. the governoris used with a doubleengine, the springs may be adjusted to be entirely relieved of pressurewhere the piston is in its upper position. This reduces the centripetalforce to such an extent that the weights separate even without rotation,so that the valve is entirely closed. If the fluid-pressure decreasesbelow that desired, then immediately the valve 0 is moved past the port6 by the action of the spring 0. This allows the fluid to pass from IIOthe under side of the piston M into the chamber N and out of the opening91. The springs P immediately draw the yoke K to its lowest position,and the governor operates under the centripetal action of the spring J.This of course increases the speed of the engine to its maximum.

In order that there'may not be any sudden action by reason of a suddenchange in the accumulated pressure of fluid in the governor mechanism, Ihave provided a valve 6 for controlling the port e. By diminishing thecapacity of the port 6 to a very small one a dash-pot effect isproduced, which prevents the piston from being drawn rapidly from theupper end of the cylinder with the change of 'pressu re in the fluidactuated by the pump. If desired, a connection may be made with thesupply of accumulated fluid directly through the opening m. Where thisis done, the springs P should be nicely adjusted, so as to allowmovement of the piston as the pressure increases, allowing the piston toreach the uppermost position as the pressure reaches the maximum. Withthis arrangement of course there is a gradual decrease in the tension ofthe spring J even when the spring J is out of action, so that there is agradual decrease in speed of the engine as the pressure increases. a a

By placing the centers of gravity of the weights above their pivots thegravity of the weights does not oppose the centrifugal force produced bythe revolution of the weights. Where the weights are pivoted with thecenters of gravity below the pivots, the gravity of the weights ofcourse opposes the centrifugal force, so that at very slow speeds thecentrifugal forceis entirely overcome by the centripetal force incidentto the gravity of the weights. In a governor of this class where veryslow speeds are desired this in-.

fluence'of the force of gravity where weights are arranged with thecenters of gravity below the pivot diminishes the range of the governorto a very great extent, so that the minimum speed at which the governormay be run with such must be much greater than with the governor formedas shown.

In my governor the gravity of the weights works with the centrifugalforce, so that in all speeds of the governor there is an activecentrifugal force which must be opposed by the centripetal elementproper of the governor. It only remains to adjust the centripetalelement of these forces to adjust the governor to operate properlythroughout its range,and this range, as before stated, is much greaterthan in governors of this class heretofore used in this connection.

By varying the strength of one of the elements (in the governor shownthe centripetal element) Within the limits of the power exerted by theother element the governor remains active as a governor throughout theoperation of the engine. In some of the types heretofore used the forceof one of the elements has been wholly neutralized by mechanismsoperating upon the other element with such power as to eliminate thecentrifugal action of the govenor from the valve entirely.

If it is desired to change the maximum of speed produced by thegovernor, the setscrew Q and bolt Q may be adjusted toaccomplish thiseffect. By shortening the bolt Q the downward movement of the yoke K maybe limited, so as to produce a less ten: sion on the spring J, and thisof course will reduce the maximum speed. 011 the other hand,theset-screw Q may be. screwed down so as to limit the upward movementof the yoke K, and consequent relief on the springs, so that the minimumspeed will be increased.

What I claim as new is 1. In a pump-governor, the combination of acentrifugal element; a centripetal element arranged to act in oppositionto said centrifugal element; and means actuated by the pumped fluid forvarying the relative strength of one of the elements within the limitsof the power exerted by the other element.

2. In a pump-governor, the combination of a centrifugal element; acentripetal element arranged to act in opposition to said centrifugalelement; and means actuated by the pumped fluid for varying the strengthof said centripetal element Within the limits of the power exerted bythe centrifugal element.

3. In a pump-governor, the combination of a centrifugal element; aspring-actuated centripetal element arranged to act in opposition tosaid centrifugal element; and means actuated by the pumped fluid forvarying the strength of the spring comprised in said centripetalelement. i

4. In a pump-governor, the combination of a centrifugal element; acentripetal element comprising a plurality of springs, said centripetalelement being arranged to act in opposition to said centrifugal element;and means automatically actuated for throwing IIO said springs into andout of action to vary the strength of the centripetal element.

5. In a pump-governor, the combination of a centrifugal element; acentripetal element comprising a plurality of springs, said centripetalelement being arranged to act in opposition to said centrifugal element;and means actuated by the pumped fluid for throwing said springs intoand out of action to vary the strength of the centripetal element.

6. In a pump-governor, the combination of a centrifugal element arrangedto tend to move outwardly at the slowest speed at which the governor isdesigned to operate; a centri petal element arranged to act in opposition to said centrifugal element, and means actuated by the pumpedfluid for automatically varying the strength of one of said elementswithin the limits of thepower exerted by the other element.

7. In a pump-governor, the combination of a centrifugal elementcomprising a governorgal element.

8. In a pump-governor, the combination of a centri-fugalelement,comprisinga governorweight pivoted with its center of gravity above saidpivot; a centripetal element arranged to act in opposition to saidcentrifugal element; and means actuated by the pumped fluid for varyingthe strength of the centripetal element within the limits of the powerexerted by the centrifugal element.

9. In a pump-governor, the combination of a throttle-valve; acentrifugal element;- a centripetal element arranged to act inopposition tosaid centrifugal element; means for communicating theaction of said ele'mentsto said valve; and means forautomaticallyvarying the strength of one of said elements within the limits of thepower exerted by the other of said elements.

10. In a pump-engine, the combination of a throttle-valve; a centrifugalelement; a centripetal element arranged to act in opposition to saidcentrifugal element; means for commu nicating the action of saidelementsto said valve andmeans actuated by the pumped fluid for varying the.relative strength of one of said elements within the limits of the powerexerted by the other element.

11. In a pump-governor, the combination of a centrifugal element; acentripetal element arranged to act-in opposition to said centrifugalelement; means for automaticallyvarying the relative strength of one ofthe elements within the limits of the power exerted by the otherelement; and means for adj usting the range of said variations.

12. In a pump-governor, the combination of a centrifugal element; acentripetal element arranged to act in opposition to said centrifugalelement; means actuated by the pumped fluid for varying the relativestrength of one of the elementswithin the limits of the power exerted bythe other element; and means for adjusting the range of said variations.

13. In apump-governor, the combination ofacentrifugal element; .aspring-actuating centripetal elementarranged to act in oppo sitiontosaidcentrifugal element; means actuated by the pumped fluid for varying thestrength of the spring comprised in said centri petal element; and meansfor adj usting the I range of said variations.

the strength of one of said elements relative to the .strength of theother element; and. means for adjusting the range of said variations.

15. In a pump-governor, the combination with the centrifugal element;the lever, I, arranged to act upon said governor and to convey the forceof the centripetal element to the governor; the yoke, K; pin, J a springinterposed between the yoke and the pin; and means for automaticallyvarying thetension of said spring.

16. Ina pump-governor, the combination with the centrifugal element; ofthe centripetal element comprising a spring,- the pin J, and yoke, K,saidspring beingtensioned between said yoke, K, and the pin, J, thecylinder, L, piston, M, arranged in said cylinder and connected withsaid yoke; and connections leading from said cylinder to a supply ofpumped fluid.

- 17. In a pump-governor, the combination of the rotary carrier, G; thegovernor-spindle, C; means for giving said carrier rotary motion; thegovernor-weights pivoted in said carrier with their centers ofgravityabove the pivots; links connecting said governorweights with saidgovernor-spindle, O; the

lever, I, arranged to operate against said spindle; the pin J, arranged.to operate upon the lever, I; the yoke, K,through which said pin passes;the springs, J and J arrangedbetween the yoke and tensioned against thepin, J, said springs being of different strengths; thecylinder, L;piston, M, in;said-cylinder a connection between the piston M, and yoke,K; the valve chamber, N; plug -.valve, 0, therein, the. said chamber,N,- having the port, 6, leading therefrom to the cylinder, L, andopening into thechamber,N, imposition to be operated upon by theplug-valve O;

the spring, 0, arranged againstthe. plugvalve, 0'; and a connection fromthepumpedfluidsupply leading to the chamber, N.

18. In a pump-governor, thefcombination ofthe rotary carrier, G; thegovernor-spindle, 0; means, for giving said-carrier rotary motion; the,governor-weights pivoted on said carrier with their centers of gravityabove the pivots; links connectingsaid governorweights with saidgovernor-spindle, O; the lever, I, arranged to operate against saidspindle; the pin, J, arranged to operate upon the lever, I; the yoke, K,through which said pin passes; the s rin s J and J said sprin s P s gbeingof different strengths; the cylinder, L;

Y piston, M, in said cylinder; ayconnection between the piston, M, andthe yoke,K; the valve-chamber, N; plug-valve,,O, therein;

- the said chamber, N, having theport, e, leading therefrom to thecylinder, L; and open-,

ing into the chamber,.N, in position to be operatedupon by the,plug-valve, 0 the spring, 0 arranged against the plug-valve, O aconnection from the pumped-fluid supply leading to the chamber, N; thesprings, P, holding the yoke normally in .its lowest position; the

bolt, Q, for limiting the downward movement of the yoke; the set-screw,Q, for limiting the upward movement of the yoke.

19. In a pump-governor, the combination of the rotary carrier, G; thegovernor, 0; means for giving said carrier rotary motion; thegovernor-weights pivoted on said carrier with their centers of gravityabove the pivots; links connecting said governor-Weights with saidgovernor-spindle, C; the lever, I, arranged to operate against saidspindle; the pin, J, arranged to operate upon the lever, I; the yoke, K,through which said pin passes; the springs, J and J said springs beingof different strengths; the cylinder, L; piston, M, in said cylinder; aconnection between the piston, M, and the yoke, K; the valveoylinder, L;plug-valve, O, therein, the said chamber, N, having the port, e, leadingtherefrom to the chamber, N and opening into the chamber, N, in positionto be operated upon by the plug-valve, O; the spring, 0, arrangedagainst the plug-valve, O; a connection to the pumped-fluid supplyleading to the chamber, N; the springs, P, for holding the yoke

